Grammar Tip 14: hardly/barely/scarcely


It was so small you could
hardly
scarcely
barely see it.

Take a look at these sentences:

I don't know John very much at all.
She can't hear very much at all.
I couldn't understand him very much at all.

In all three cases it is better to replace the phrase 'very much at all' with an adverb of degree - hardly, barely or scarcely.

I hardly know John.
She can barely hear.
I could scarcely understand him.

The adverbs are used with a positive verb but mean 'a very small amount' or 'a small margin'.

Here are some more examples, used in different situations:

The bullet grazed my skin but I barely felt it.
Hardly anyone turned up for the meeting.
I had scarcely entered the room when the lights went out.

Usually you can choose which adverb to use - there is not much difference between hardly, barely and scarcely. But certain words are preferred in certain situations:

Hardly anyone voted this year.
Scarcely anyone voted this year.
xBarelyx

I got the job even though I was only barely qualified. (= just qualified)
xHardly, Scarcelyx

The bird used to be common but now scarcely survives. (= very rare)
xHardly

Note: sparsely is used to modify adjectives and means 'a small amount':

The hotel was cheap and sparsely furnished.
The ski track went through sparsely wooded hillsides.

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