switch off, turn on, get out, put off, take up, set out, get down
As you have probably noticed, English is full of phrasal verbs.
How do you learn them? First of all, use the ones you know as often as you can. Secondly, get lots of practice in using new ones. Thirdly, don't panic! Nobody can learn all the phrasal verbs in English as new ones are being created every day.
There is a very good introduction and a small dictionary at http://www.englishpage.com/prepositions/phrasaldictionary.html
